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The mandolin in the 20th Century was used with more and more popularity in contemporary music. In the present, we find the mandolin in the orchestra, in various chamber music ensembles and as a solo instrument. The increasing number of professional mandolin players grows, also the number of composers who write for the mandolin.
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First sources in which the mandolin is mentioned date back to the early 17th Century. In the Baroque period, composers such as Antonio Vivaldi, Domenico Scarlatti and Johann Adolf Hasse composed with this instrument.
The mandolin came originally from Italy, and was in 1750 Paris's most important instrument. Other important composers who devoted themselves to the mandolin are Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (for example, in an aria in Don Giovanni "Deh vieni alla finestra"), Ludwig van Beethoven, Johann Nepomuk Hummel and Niccolò Paganini. By 1800, the mandolin was especially in vienna popular.
The now well-known tremolo, an important technique of playing the mandolin, showed already in the 18th Century , for example in the school of Michel Corrette mandolin, 1772, chapter 10: "Il est sur la remarque que ne peut pas on mandolin enfler les sons ... on fait un Trill qui est une repetition du meme son sur une note" . In the literature, but the tremolo is required from around 1840. The most important composer of the romance was Raffaele Calace. At that time, were also the first mandolin orchestras founded.
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The string instrument Mandolin is a plucked instrument. The mandolin is played with a plectrum made of plastic (in the 19th century it was made out of tortoiseshell). The cover of the Neapolitan mandolin has four pairs of strings, like the violin in the fifth row gd 'a' e'' tuned.
Concert mandolins can be recognized by the classical, almond-like shape, the body is similar to the back of a lute made with a round belly shape.
In folk music the mandolin is preferred with a guitar-like body, and a flat back and sides . Different models with "cutaway" and f-holes were developed
The mandolin had a wide popularization in the 1970th through numerous folk-rock bands. Mike Oldfield also plays the mandolin on his album "Tubular Bells ", where it is at the end of the first half presented with other instruments in a solo. A striking example of the use of mandolin in popular music include "Losing My Religion" by REM. Punk bands like Flogging Molly and Dropkick Murphys put the mandolin in electrically amplified form. The American folk rock band The Hooters are regularly both acoustic and electric playing the mandolin. The rock violinist Warren Ellis who plays in Nick Cave's band The Bad Seeds "and" Grinderman "is also an electric mandolin player. He plays it with heavy distortion, however, this has little resemblance to the classic sound of a mandolin.
By Melanie Bradley
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